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In the disorganized west bishops
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created a centralized church
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organization that endured when the
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western empire collapsed.
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The Council of Nicea (325)
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demonstrated the importance of
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unified doctrine to Christianity.
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It ruled in favor of the Nicene creed,
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an interpretation holding that the one
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Christian god had three persons.
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Leo I clearly established the papacy as
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the supreme religious authority in
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western Europe.
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