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2	Early Dynasties Shang Dynasty 1766 – 1122 BCE Zhou Dynasty 1122 – 221 BCE Last 400yrs - warring states Qin Dynasty 221 - 206 BCE Shi Huangdi (1st emperor) Legalist philosophy, Censorship First coinage, writing system Han Dynasty 206 BCE – 220CE Confucian based society Merit system - bureaucrats Paper & porcelain invented Period of the Six Kingdoms (220-589CE) Bureaucracy collapsed Buddhism gained strength, replacing Confucianism Non-Chinese nomads rule much Chinese territory
3	Era of Division vs. Sui-Tang
4	Sui Dynasty (589-618CE) Established by Wendi Lowered taxes Established granaries – stable, cheap food supply
5	Sui Dynasty (589-618CE) Yangdi replaced his father, Wendi Brought scholar-gentry back into the administration Expensive construction New capital at Loyang Canals to link the empire Failed to conquer Korea Defeated by Turkic nomads, led to widespread revolts Assassinated in 618CE
6	Sui Dynasty & Tang Dynasty Sui unite China - rule for 30 years Tang Increased boundaries Heavy dependence on Militarism
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8	Li Yuan – First Tang Emperor Li Yuan, Duke of Tang, won control of China Used armies to unite China Tang armies extend to Afghanistan, dominating nomads on boarders Used Turkic nomads in military, assimilate into Chinese culture Extended Empire into Tibet, Vietnam, Manchuria, Korea Great Wall is repaired
9	Tang Taizong the Grand Emperor Second emperor of the Tang reign was regarded as the exemplary model against which all other emperors were measured considered a golden age of Chinese history Accepted criticism that others would find difficult Avoided abuse of absolute power Imperial power and moral restraint in theory - in practice hard to maintain
10	Tang Achievements Trade & commerce grow Chinese Printing Press Invented Woodblock printing Arts- focus on landscape/nature Gun powder invented Mechanical clocks invented Reestablished the safety of the Silk Road Capital city Chang’an (eternal peace) 24 mile walled city
11	Tang Landscape Paintings
12	City of Chang’an in 750
13	Tang Government Organization
14	Rebuilding the Bureaucracy Unity Aristocracy weakened Confucian ideology revised Scholar-gentry elite reestablished Bureaucracy Strengthened Bureau of Censors Created The Growing Importance of the Examination System Birth, connections important for office Golden Age of foreign relations with other countries. Japan, Korea, Persia
15	State and Religion in the Tang and Song Eras Ministry of Rites Created Early Tang - Liberal attitude towards all religions. Confucianism and Buddhism potential rivals Buddhism had been central Mahayana Buddhism popular in era of turmoil Chan (Zen) Buddhism common among elite Early Tang support Buddhism
16	Empress Wu (624-705) Only female Empress in China to rule alone Searched for outstanding individuals for her court Ordered construction of new irrigation systems Biggest challenge - deal with scholar/gentry - old aristocrats Appointed cruel and sadistic ministers to seek out her enemies. Economy remained strong
17	Empress Wu & Buddhism Buddhism was the favored state religion. Financed the building of many Buddhist temples. Civil exam system Blow to noble class Social mobility Confucianism as official philosophy = cultural literacy uniting China Buddhism - backlash 140 Years After Wu - Around 845
18	Xuanzong (712-756)
19	The Anti-Buddhist Backlash
20	Foot-Binding in Tang China Broken toes by 3 years of age.
21	Foot-Binding in Tang China For upper-class girls, it became a new custom.
22	The Results of Foot-Binding
23	Foot-Binding in Tang China Mothers bound their daughters’ feet.
24	Decline of Tang - Losing the Mandate of Heaven
25	Song Dynasty (969-1279CE)
26	Northern & Southern Song Dynasty
27	Wang Anshi (1021-1086)
28	Southern Song Dynasty
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30	Song Legacy
31	Paper Money World's first paper money. The basic unit of payment was copper coins strung on a string, these were heavy and cumbersome for large-scale transactions. The Song solution - print paper money
32	Increasing population
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36	Urbanization - Rise of Mercantile Class By the end of the Song, 2/3 to 3/4 of the Chinese population concentrated below the Yangtze. The Grand Canal, built during the Sui Dynasty, connected the Yangtze and the Yellow rivers, facilitating the transport of agricultural production from the south to the north and helping to unify the economy of China.
37	The Grand Canal
38	The Grand Canal Today
39	Manufacturing
40	Age differences in Role of Women
41	Increased learning
42	Military
43	Decline of Buddhism in the later Tang and Song dynasties
44	Tang and the Song Dynasties Similarities & Differences
45	End of the Song Heavy dependence on growth of civilian government at expense of military By 1127, the Song court could not push back the Northern nomadic invaders Surrounded by north ‘Empires’ (Jurchin’) Invasion of Mongols from North 1279 Start of Yuan (Mongol Dynasty)
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