This document centers on attempts to spread European religious values to China. The document emphasizes intellectual aspects of cultural contact as a result of trading; this contrasts with other documents that center on descriptions of trade exchanges and material goods. In this document, the focus of the contact is the introduction of religious beliefs into a foreign culture. The reference to the Emperor’s being “too old in idolatry” indicates a bias. The point of view is from an outsider motivated by the desire to convert others to his religion; the author indicates little about the foreign culture other than the fact that it seems to be tolerant of outsiders.